Coronavirus: How countries around world are easing their lockdowns

Falling rates of death and new infections have been welcomed as “the light at the end of the tunnel” in some of the countries most badly hit by the coronavirus pandemic.

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Several European nations are now looking at easing their lockdowns, amid hopes they may have weathered the first wave of the pandemic.

Austria and Denmark this week announced plans to ease restrictions that were imposed to slow the spread of the virus, while Spain and Italy are considering how to partially re-open their societies in the coming weeks.

In China, meanwhile, the incremental lifting of the world’s first Covid-19 lockdown has already restored a semblance of normality to the county where the virus originated.

However, European leaders have called for caution and the World Health Organization has warned infection rates could rebound if countries curb constraints too quickly.

While the UK has pushed back a review of its social distancing measures until after Easter, the government’s scientific advisers will be closely monitoring other nations that are further ahead in efforts to suppress the disease.

China

Authorities have been easing restrictions gradually and regionally in China, which imposed a tight lockdown in Hubei province — the initial epicentre of the coronavirus — in January before the disease had spread around the world.

Wuhan, the city where the first cases of Covid-19 were reported late last year, is to allow people to leave the city for the first time from Wednesday — providing they have been issued with a “green code” on an official smartphone app.

Authorities had begun easing the city’s lockdown, and allowing people out of their homes for two hours a day, as infection rates dropped last month, only to reinstate some of them as new cases emerged.

Travel restrictions in other parts of Hubei province region, where Wuhan is situated, were eased late in March.

In China’s other regions and cities, where the outbreak was less severe, the majority of factories, shops and restaurants have been open again for several weeks — although many office workers have continued to work from home where possible.

In its latest update, China reported no new deaths from coronavirus for the first time since it began issuing daily briefings on the outbreak more than two months ago.

However, there are fears the country may experience a second wave of coronavirus cases as restrictions are lifted and people return to work.

Austria

The Austrian government has laid out a timetable for shops to reopen in phases beginning from 14 April. But chancellor Sebastian Kurz cautioned his government could activate an “emergency brake” if the number of people with the virus accelerates again.

The plan is to initially reopen small shops of less than 400 square meters, DIY stores and garden centres. The number of people permitted inside will be limited, and all will have to wear face masks, as they already must at Austria’s supermarkets. People will have to start wearing masks on public transportation.

Authorities hope to let remaining shops open on 1 May, including shopping centres and hair salons. Restaurants and hotels will not follow until at least mid-May, with a decision on the date to be made at the end of this month.

Denmark

Denmark plans to reopen day care centres and schools on 15 April as a first step to gradually relax a three-week lockdown.

The Nordic country, which was one of the first in Europe to shut down, has seen the number of coronavirus-related hospital admissions and deaths stabilise over the past week since it closed schools, restaurants, cafes and gyms and shut its borders to most foreigners.

Prime minister Mette Frederiksen said the lifting of the lockdown will be “a bit like walking the tightrope”.

“If we stand still along the way we could fall and if we go too fast it can go wrong. Therefore, we must take one cautious step at a time,“ she said.

Czech Republic

From Thursday, the Czech government is to extend the type of shops that are allowed to do business to include those selling construction materials, hobby supplies and bikes. Only grocery stores, pharmacies and garden centres are currently allowed to trade.

Retailers being added to the list of shops deemed essential will be required to make disinfectant and disposable gloves available at the entrance for customers and enforce social distancing rules.

The government is set to consider this week whether to reopen more stores after Easter.

Iran

Social-distancing measures will be eased in Iran from 11 April to allow “low-risk” business activity to resume, the country’s president Hassan Rouhani said this week.

Two-thirds of all Iranian government employees will return to work, although this does not extend to those based in Tehran — the epicentre of the country’s outbreak.

Mr Rouhani did not spell what he meant by low-risk activity, but said the suspension of “high-risk activities” — schools, universities and various social, cultural, sports and religious events — would be extended to 18 April.

Iran, which was late to impose a lockdown, has been struggling to curb the spread of the Covid-19 but new cases are falling and authorities are concerned that restrictions could wreck an economy already under strain from international sanctions.

Spain

Despite the Spanish coronavirus death rate increasing for the first time in five days on Tuesday, officials are working on a plan to ease restrictions that have shut down non-core businesses.

For this, health chiefs say testing has to be widened to find carriers who may have mild or no symptoms.

The government is planning mass, quick antibody tests in coming days. Cadena Ser radio said about 62,000 people would be tested twice with an interval of 21 days to see the effect of any easing of measures on contagion.

Italy

Europe’s worst-hit nation is beginning to look for ways to ease its lockdown and revive an economy crippled by stringent distancing measures.

Selected firms could open in mid-April under reported plans drawn up under growing pressure from industry and economists.

About 150 Italian academics published a letter in Italian financial daily Il Sole-24 Ore on Tuesday warning of “irreversible damage” if the lockdown is not lifted soon.

So far, officials have said that work restrictions would probably be lifted on a sector-by-sector rather than geographical basis. Social distancing and wider use of personal protection devices such as face masks would be required.

Testing and “contact tracing” would be extended, including with the use of smartphone apps and other forms of digital technology — measures employed with apparent success in South Korea.

Authorities in northern Italy have also begun testing health workers for antibodies that may help identify individuals with immunity to the coronavirus. The aim would be to allow authorities to issue “licences” for individuals with proven immunity to the virus to return to work.